Colorado Cosmetology Written Practice Exam

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What is the process called whereby bacteria grow, reproduce, and divide into two new cells?

Binary fission
Conjugation
Osmosis
Photosynthesis

The correct answer is: Binary fission

Binary fission is the process by which bacteria reproduce and divide into two new cells. This process occurs when a single cell splits into two identical cells. This is the main method of bacterial cell division and is distinct from the processes of conjugation, osmosis, and photosynthesis. Conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells, while osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is A because it specifically refers to the process of bacterial growth and reproduction through cell division.